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Refrigeration is a process by which air is cooled and dehumidified. The refrigerator in your residence, the air conditioner in your office, home or car; all work in the same way. Basically, refrigeration or air conditioning systems operate on the principles of evaporation and condensation.

To convert the principles of evaporation and condensation into refrigeration system you need a series of components that are connected by tubing and hoses. Compressor,condenser,drier, thermostatic expansion valve, evaporator and refrigerant are necessary for refrigeration. The refrigerant is a liquid that is capable of vaporizing at a low temperature.

This is how the refrigeration system and the components work.

- The control unit of the refrigeration system is the compressor. The compressor pumps refrigerant vapor in high pressure and heat to the condenser.

- The condenser changes the high-pressure refrigerant vapor to liquid by eradicating the heat from the refrigerant.

- Refrigerant travels to the drier. This device works as storage tank for the liquid refrigerant and also removes humidity from the refrigerant. If the moisture freezes it my cause blockage of the system.

- Uninterupted compression pressurizes the system forcing the liquid refrigerant under high pressure to circulate from the receiver drier to the thermostatic expansion valve. Pressure is removed from refrigerant by the expanding valve which helps to expand and changes to refrigerant vapor in evaporator.

- Like the condenser, the evaporator is a device that have tubes and fins. As soon as the cold low-pressure refrigerant is released into the evaporator, it vaporizes and absorbs the heat and cools. This completes the process of basic refrigeration, thereby inducing cooling in your refrigerator or in your space or car by an air conditioner.

- Other refrigeration cycle takes place when heat and low-pressure refrigerant is drawn to the compressor.

Thus, by continuously circulating, evaporating and condensing a fixed supply of refrigerant in a closed system accomplish mechanical refrigeration.

Incase of a malfunction the first step should be to determine the cause. Analyzing completely the system and considering the intended function of each part can do this. This is extremely important before arriving at any conclusion.

The refrigerants used for refrigeration were synthetic refrigerants based generally on chlorofluocarbon (CFC) chemical. This was considered safe for refrigerators to be used by consumers at home or commercial establishments. During the late 1920s, hydro chlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) and hydro fluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants were developed and was considered less harmful than the commonly used methyl formate, ammonia, methyl chloride and sulphur dioxide.